Cancer is a broad category of diseases that can start in almost any organ or tissue when aberrant cells multiply uncontrollably.
These cells can expand beyond their usual borders, invading surrounding areas or spreading to other parts of the body, a process known as metastasis, which is a significant cause of cancer-related death. Neoplasm and malignant tumour are two more popular words for cancer.
Cancer is the second biggest cause of mortality worldwide, accounting for an estimated 9.6 million deaths in 2018, or one in every six.
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Men are most likely to have malignancies of the lung, prostate, colon, stomach, and liver. The most frequent malignancies for women are breast, colorectal, lung, cervical, and thyroid.
The global cancer burden continues to climb, putting substantial physical, emotional, and financial strain on individuals, families, communities, and healthcare systems.
This is especially difficult in low- and middle-income countries, where many health-care systems lack the resources to deliver prompt and effective cancer diagnosis and treatment.
However, in countries with well-developed healthcare systems, survival rates are improving as a result of early identification, better treatment, and comprehensive cancer care.
Prevention
Addressing key risk factors and using proven prevention techniques could prevent 30 to 50% of cancer deaths.
Reducing the cancer burden also entails early detection and appropriate treatment of cancer patients.
Prevention continues to be the most cost-effective long-term cancer control strategy.
Here are some key actions to help avoid cancer:
Avoid all kinds of tobacco, including cigarettes and smokeless tobacco.
Maintain a healthy bodyweight.
Consume a balanced diet high in fruits and vegetables.
Exercise regularly.
Limit your alcohol consumption.
Practice safe $3x.
Get immunised against hepatitis B and human papillomavirus.
Minimise your exposure to ultraviolet rays.
Limit unnecessary ionising radiation exposure, such as occupational dangers, and guarantee that radiation is used safely in medical contexts.
Avoid air pollution and indoor smoke caused by domestic usage of solid fuels.
Get frequent medical checkups.
Furthermore, certain chronic infections raise the risk of cancer, especially in low- and middle-income nations.
